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A Crowd Disaster Study: The Itaewon Seoul Crush[1]
Summary
A peer-reviewed analysis of the 2022 Halloween crowd crush in Itaewon, Seoul, arguing the event exposed how little is reliably known about crowd disasters. While traumatic asphyxiation is widely implicated as the primary cause of death, the broader spectrum of injuries and their mechanisms remains poorly characterised. The authors identify barriers to understanding — limited access to official reports, incomplete documentation, and reliance on unofficial sources — and call for targeted research, better interdisciplinary collaboration, improved data sharing, and computer simulation of real events, with characterising injury types and mechanisms a crucial first step for preparedness and response.
Key findings
- Traumatic asphyxiation widely implicated as primary cause of death; wider injury spectrum poorly defined.
- Understanding is limited by restricted official reports, incomplete documentation, and unofficial sourcing.
- Calls for targeted research, interdisciplinary collaboration, data sharing, and crowd simulation.
- Characterising injury types/mechanisms is framed as the first step to better preparedness.
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