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9-1-1 Call Data Modeling to Assess the Influence of a Mass Gathering on Host Community Metrics for Syndromic Surveillance[1]

Yancey AH 2nd, Robinson E, McMahan T, Cotsonis GA · 2026 · West J Emerg Med

Summary

Retrospective population-based study (Grady EMS, Atlanta) modeling all 9-1-1 medical calls from three host municipalities across the nine-day 2019 Super Bowl LIII festivities, contrasted against identical nine-day pre- and post-event windows. Hourly call volumes for three syndromic categories (cold exposure, traffic-injury, violence-injury) were visualized with tables, bar graphs, geo- and heat-mapping. Event-period total call volume (3,267) was actually LOWER than pre- (3,356) and post- (3,460) windows; directional hourly patterns were similar across all three periods. Category detail: cold-exposure calls 9/7/4 across the three periods; traffic incidents 36/39/38; violence-injury calls rose in the post-event window (151/150/166). Authors conclude 9-1-1 dispatch data can be practically modeled to detect host-community changes from baseline and enhance syndromic surveillance, and offer recommendations for the June-July 2026 FIFA World Cup host cities.

So what

A fourth, cheap layer for the surveillance stack MGMI has been assembling (wastewater / participant-syndromic / wearables / signal-verification): the host community's own 9-1-1 dispatch feed, already flowing, needing only visualization to become a near-real-time syndromic instrument. The counterintuitive headline — event-period call volume BELOW baseline — is the teachable point: a well-run mega-event can displace or suppress ordinary community demand rather than simply adding to it, so the value is in the modeling method and the category-level signal (the post-event violence uptick), not an absolute surge count. Directly timely for the FIFA 2026 host-city cluster the mega-event page curates, and the host-community counterpart to the on-site 9-1-1/EMS-load literature.

Key findings

  • Grady EMS, 2019 Super Bowl LIII, 9-day festivities vs matched pre/post 9-day windows
  • Event-period 9-1-1 volume 3,267 — LOWER than pre (3,356) and post (3,460): mega-event displaced/suppressed baseline demand
  • Category signal: cold-exposure 9/7/4; traffic 36/39/38; violence-injury rose post-event 151/150/166
  • Method = table + bar + geo/heat-mapping of existing dispatch data for near-real-time syndromic surveillance
  • Explicitly framed for the June-July 2026 FIFA World Cup US/Canada/Mexico host cities; free PMC

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